Association of Thyroid Hormones, Iodothyronine and Deiodinase-1 with Insulin Resistance in Iraqi Adults

Abstract

Background:    Iodothyronine deiodinase enzymes have recently gained attention with thyroid hormones (TH) to play a role in many physiological conditions, one of which is insulin resistance (IR).
Objective:    To investigate the association between TH and serum iodothyronine deiodinase-1 (DIOS-1) levels in participants with and without IR.
Methods:    A cross-sectional study included 120 Iraqi individuals (male and female) with different body mass index (normal weight, over weight and obese) in the age range between (18-60) years old. Fasting serum levels of insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) and DIOS-1 were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques.
Results:    Among the 120 subjects, IR found in 25 (20.8%) and 95 (79.2 %) were non-IR. A significant increase in insulin levels was observed in group with IR (27.78±2.77 µIU/ml) compared to non-IR individuals (3.84±0.22 µIU/ml) (p <0.001). There were no significant differences between IR and and non-IR groups in the mean serum levels of (TSH, T3 ,T4, and DIOS-1) 1.33±0.11 μIU/ml, 10.54±0.77 ng/ml, 137.9±6.41 ng/ml and  29.59±1.44 pg/ml, respectively, while those with IR were 1.42±0.21 µIU/ml, 10.67±1.07 ng/ml, 148±12.07 ng/ml and 27.84±1.09 pg/ml, respectively. However, a significant negative correlation between serum level of DIOS-1 and the insulin was found in IR group (r = -0.425, p= 0.034).
Conclusion:    This study did not show a relationship between the DIOS-1 enzyme and insulin resistance.
Keywords:    Iodothyronine deiodinase-1, T3, T4, TSH, insulin resistance.
Citation:    Al-Saffar RS, Al-Rubayee WT, Ali GA. Association of thyroid hormones, iodothyronine and deiodinase-1 with insulin resistance in Iraqi adults. Iraqi JMS. 2025; 23(2): 415-423. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.23.2.24